Tuesday, December 31, 2019

My Favourite Hobbies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 665 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/09/26 Category Leisure Essay Type Narrative essay Topics: Friends Essay School Essay Student Essay Did you like this example? My Three Favorite Hobbies Most of my day consists of studies, doing house choirs and going to school. With all that, all my time is usually taken up. It is very hard to find time for myself. It can get very stressful with homework, traffic, and getting work completed on time. When I do get the chance to have some extra time, I have many other activities I enjoy doing. A few of my hobbies include, sleeping, going to the movies, and listening to music. First, I enjoy sleeping every chance I can get. When I am at school I try to make time during my breaks to get a few minutes of sleep. It helps me be alert and stay awake throughout the day. Also, any spare time that I might have I try to get some sleep, for example between classes, or between my travel and school. It rarely happens, but I take advantage of it when it does come along. My favorite time to sleep would be at night; everyone’s favorite time to sleep is at night I would guess. Getting a good night sleep is i mportant to me. If I do not get a good night sleep, I can pretty much count myself as dead the next day. Second, going to the movies gives me something to do. When I am bored, it always seems like a good idea to just head out and go watch a movie. I do rarely have time in my schedule to get bored, but it does happen once in a blue moon. I enjoy going to the movies and it puts me in a better mood. To laugh, get scared, or even cry over something that does not have anything to do with my own personal life is a good feeling. For example, the movie Mirrors was an awesome movie about spirits being trapped in mirrors. I was scared during the movie, but I knew once it was over, that was not something I had to be scared of in real life. My friends sometimes like to get together and make it a group thing to go out and all see a movie. Usually when this happens, we do not know what we are going to watch until we get there. Meaning this could come to waiting for hours for the movie to st art and take the chance of watching a dual movie. Having your friends there always make it all worthwhile. Lastly, listening to music releases most of stress I get from my busy day. When I am at home doing my homework, I put music on to help me think. It clears my mind, and I have realized I work faster while listening to it. I have an MP3 player with all of my favorite songs downloaded to it. Listening to it makes my day seem to zoom by. Also, I enjoy listening to the talk shows in the morning where the radio hosts do funny pranks on people who call in. It makes me laugh and awakens me in the morning. My absolute favorite time to listen to music would be when traffic. When I am sitting there not moving, all I have to do is turn up the radio and tune out of all the traffic. In my mind, it makes it seem as if traffic was going quicker. Unfortunately I lost it, by now I’m planning to buy one, because I think I can’t live without it Sleeping, going to the movies, an d listening to music are the three main hobbies I enjoy the most in my spare time. I hope there will be time to do all the things that make me the happiest in life. Then, I will be able to sleep all I need to. I will be able to go to the movies, not just out of boredom. I will listen to music more than just at home or while stuck in traffic. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "My Favourite Hobbies" essay for you Create order

Monday, December 23, 2019

Analysis Of Piano And Hide And Seek - 2479 Words

‘Piano’ and ‘Hide and seek’ show fond, vivid memories of childhood. The writers have obviously lived a happy life as they write in a joyful tone; this reflects the sentiment of Christie’s quotation. In contrast ‘A Mother in a refugee camp’ and ‘Prayer before Birth’ describe the horror of growing up in a poor environment. ‘Prayer before Birth’ indicates that life is a lottery and it is a matter of luck whether you avoid the hardships and pain of life. However ‘If-’ tries to guide the child away from making mistakes. ‘If,’ describes growing up to be a good and happy person, rather than a fulfilled childhood. ‘Prayer before Birth’ is a dark and disturbing poem written from the point of view of the unborn child who is preaching to God that when he is born, hoping he is not affected by the horrors of society. Macneice s negative views towards current society are shown through the fetus’ spiteful thoughts; in the fifth stanza, Macneice lists how the unborn child wants to avoid ‘bureaucrats’ hectoring him, avoid being laughed at ‘by lovers’ and not be frowned at by ‘mountains’-this portrays how paranoid the fetus is. Not only is he worried about being judged by ordinary people, but also the landscape surrounding him. The influence of nature will affect his unspoilt unborn form, but he should not be looking at it pessimistically. One of the most powerful effects used by Macneice is the repetition of the phrase ‘I am not born yet.’ This emphasises the fact that he has not yetShow MoreRelatedAn Unknown Girl Analysis1379 Wor ds   |  6 Pages↠ A Passage To Africa. (Narrative Article, Literary  Analysis.) Poetry Analysis: An Unknown Girl- Moniza  Alvi. 28May In the evening bazaar Studded with neon An unknown girl Is hennaing my hand She squeezes a wet brown line Form a nozzle She is icing my hand, Which she steadies with her On her satin peach knee. In the evening bazaar For a few rupees An unknown girl is hennaing my hand As a little air catches My shadow stitched kameez A peacock spreads its lines Across my palm. Read MoreMonty The Penguin : A Different Perspective1273 Words   |  6 Pagesthe opening seconds of Monty, sound is masterfully mixed to generate a sense of sentimentality and peacefulness in the viewer. If one listens carefully, he or she can hear the repetition of the words â€Å"it’s real love† in the song. Alongside a soft piano hook and a joyful, innocent child’s laugh, we are instantly put at ease with the company advertising. However, as the story progresses, there is a distinct crescendo in the background music played, while the child’s laughter, and eventually speechRead MoreMany Elements of Tragedy in Streetcar Names Desire by Tennessee Williams2554 Words   |  11 Pageshusband had stuck a revolver into his mouth, and fired and the back of his head was blown away. He did this such thing because he felt as though no one would accept him for what he really was, a homosexual. The purpose of this literacy criticism/ analysis pape r is to demonstrate how the critic used literary devices such as character, setting, theme, and imagery to critique the authors work. The Critic Henthorne claims that the character Blanche DuBois often played a victim in the play. She isRead More The Pathological Protagonist of Dostoevsky’s Notes from the Underground2598 Words   |  11 Pagessatisfactory analysis of Notes from the Underground must keep in mind the singular consciousness and unreliability of its narrator. 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It is the purpose of this book to explain the structure of the mechanism which controls the public mind, and to tell how it is manipulated by the special pleader who seeks to create public acceptance for a particular idea or commodity. It will attempt at the same time to find the due place in the modern democratic scheme for this new propaganda and to suggest its gradually evolving code of ethics and practice. 18 Read More Choose 2 scenes in Twelfth Night and state how you would direct them4950 Words   |  20 Pageswould overpower Sir Andrew, standing high and tall looking down upon him, while Sir Andrew looks inferior and looks up to Sir Toby. In the room they stand in, there would be a long table with some chairs set around it. There should also be an old piano and a brighter lighting to the room. This is so as later on, Sir Toby and friends start singing carelessly. Also, it is late in the night, and hence, a brighter lighting would be suitable to bring out their joy and laughter. While Sir Toby is tryingRead More8th Habit Summary6493 Words   |  26 Pagesenergy into discipline. They don’t deny reality. They accept the sacrifice entailed in doing whatever it takes to realize their vision. Only the disciplined are truly free. Only a person who has disciplined him- or herself for decades to play the piano is free to create magnificent art. Great achievers develop their emotional energy into passion — desire, conviction and drive. Passion appears as optimism, excitement, emotional connection and determination, and is deeply rooted in the power of choiceRead MoreEssay Writing9260 Words   |  38 Pagesopinion plays a significant role in the process. However, a certain objective standard needs to be maintained and, as in a persuasive essay, your assertions need to be proved. The formality of the review will be determined by how much of the essay is analysis, how much is summary, and how much is your reaction to the work you are reviewing. A more formal review will not only discuss the work on its own merits but also place it in context. Newspapers and popular magazines tend to review in terms of finance:

Saturday, December 14, 2019

Ethics Reflections Paper Free Essays

Ethics Reflection Paper Nadine C. Brown STR/581 Strategic Planning and Implementation University of Phoenix Jose L. Hernandez, MBA November 15, 2010 Ethics Reflection Paper During this age of philosophy in which people exercise their freedom of speech and is concerned with their personal development, it becomes a challenge to remain ethical while considering one’s social responsibilities. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethics Reflections Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now People are striving to become more successful without being dishonest or disrespectful. With more emphasis on moral and ethical issues, equality and fair trade, â€Å"businesses are under pressure to be fair and ethical to satisfy not only government standards, but also consumers, and additionally, to attract more discerning employees† (Hughes, 2010, p. 1). Many factors can affect one’s ethical decision-making process. For example, one’s own values and ideology about right and wrong can make one doubt one’s own beliefs if the outcome is unfavorable. The interaction with family and friends can greatly influence decision-making because of the emotions involved. One can experience conflict with socialization in the community when it goes against one’s religious beliefs. In addition, businesses want to be successful and honest while competing in a struggling economy. Conflict can exist with one’s own values and ethics. Organizations want to remain competitive but also practice honesty with consumers and stakeholders who want to receive a return on their investment. To ensure employees remain ethically aware of the company’s values, obligations to customers, society and stakeholders, organizations should develop a code of ethics and incorporate its principles in its strategic plan. The Importance of Ethics in an Organization A code of ethics incorporated in the strategic plan is especially important for leaders. When leaders make decisions, they must consider the impact their decisions will have on others. â€Å"Leaders are often put in decisions where they must choose among options that vary in their degree of ethical behavior† (Sherwin, 1983, p. 1). This is true because of the competition of priorities. For example, the goal of any organization is to generate a profit for its stakeholders. To reach this goal, some may apply unethical methods to generate that profit, such as increasing proceeds or cutting expenses. On the other hand, the same stakeholders who work and invest in the organization are a part of the general makeup of the community. If cutting costs harms the individuals who make up the community, it would be harming the stakeholders as well. The decision made is then unethical because it is not for the greater good. Therefore, leaders should (Sherwin, 2010, p. 2): 1. Recognize all perspectives when making an ethical decision. . Define who you are, your company and personal values. 3. Don‘t allow personal gains to outweigh the good of the organization. Changes in My Ethical Perspectives While attending University of Phoenix, my ethical perspectives have changed. This is evident when required to write essays. Many essays exist online to be used by all. The decision to avoid using them demonstrates my values of honesty and integrity. The university striv es to keep its student honest by posting its own code of Ethics. Temptations that will allow me to take the easy way out always exist. Because students benefit more from doing their own work, possessing the moral courage to do what is right, even when one is unsure of the results, demonstrates one’s ethical values. According to my William Institute Ethical Awareness Inventory, the results or consequence of my actions stems from my ethical perspective. I know turning in the work of others for my own benefit is wrong and will have consequences that may appear later. Conclusion The pressure of trying to remain ethical to stakeholders and society may result in businesses making unethical decisions. Businesses want to make a profit for stakeholders but may hurt the people in the community in the process. â€Å"Leaders are often put in decisions where they must choose among options that vary in their degree of ethical behavior† (Sherwin, 1983, p. 1). To ensure leaders and employees remain ethically aware of the impact of their decisions; organizations should develop a code of ethics and ncorporate its principles in its strategic plan. As a result, leaders will remain ethically aware of the company’s values and its obligations to customers, society and stakeholders when making decisions. References Hughes, S. (2010). Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethical Business. Retrieved on November 14, 2010 from http://www. squidoo. com/CSR-ethicalbiz Sherwin, D. (1983). Work-Place Ethics. Retrieved on November 15, 2010 from http://www. chsbs. cmich. edu/leader_model/Development/media/Targeted%20Lessons/workplace_ethics. htm How to cite Ethics Reflections Paper, Papers

Friday, December 6, 2019

Orange Peelings free essay sample

Orange Peelings As Air Freshener Abstract Odor Problems are caused by the Normal Stuff of Life. Kittens and puppies don’t arrive in homes housetrained. Mold and mildew like to grow in damp, dark places. Food spoils inside refrigerators. Garbage and other disagreeable things accumulate in floor-mounted heating ducts. Not everyone hits the proper target in the bathroom. In other words, unpleasant odors can take over small areas, large rooms, or entire houses. We found out that the peelings of the orange can give a sweet scent and the salt can absorb bad Odors. Introduction An orange—specifically, the sweet orange—is the citrus Citrus ? ?sinensis (Citrus Sinensis (L. ) Osbeck) and its fruit. [2] It is the most commonly grown tree fruit in the world. [3] The orange is a hybrid of ancient cultivated origin, possibly between pomelo (Citrus maxima) and mandarin (Citrus reticulata). [4] It is an evergreen flowering tree generally growing to 9–10 m in height (although very old speciments have reached 15 m). We will write a custom essay sample on Orange Peelings or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page [5] The leaves are arranged alternately, are ovate in shape with crenulate margins and are 4–10Â  cm long. [6] The orange fruit is a hesperidium, a type of berry. 7] Salt, also known as table salt, or rock salt, is a mineral that is composed primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl), a chemical compound belonging to the larger class of ionic salts. It is essential for animal life in small quantities, but is harmful to animals and plants in excess. Salt is one of the oldest, most ubiquitous food seasonings and salting is an important method of food preservation. The taste of salt (saltiness) is one of the basic human tastes. Statement of the Problem odors are transferred into your breathing air by the heated or cooled air flowing through the ducts. Cleaning the ducts is thus essential, and cleaning out the joints in the ducts is critical. The joints contain much of the material causing the smell, so everything, including the grates, needs to be cleaned and sprayed with an effective odor eliminator Most serious odor problems take weeks, months or years to accumulate. So, expecting to squirt some magic chemical mixture at the contaminated area one time and vanquish the odor problem is not a realistic. It takes a combination of time, effort and the right product to eliminate the odor problem. You have to provide the time and effort and use the right product. Odor elimination products that work do so because they treat the source of the problem rather than masking the smell by introducing a new, more pleasant odor with sprays or candles. Another ineffective odor solution desensitizes the olfactory senses to prevent any odor from being perceived. Effective odor removers will bond with the odor atoms or absorb the smelly gases. There are some odor removers that work by combining these two techniques. In summary, to solve odor problems, you must first treat the source. Find an odor remover that is capable of solving most organic odor problems permanently and you will be rid of the true cause of odor problems. Hypothesis Significance of the study Scope and limitations of the study Definition of terms Review of related literature and studies http://www. divinecaroline. com/33672/40771-true-cause-odor-problems/2#ixzz1UMkSHAaO How to Make an Orange Peel Air Freshener With Salt | eHow. com http://www. ehow. com/how_5583309_make-peel-air-freshener-salt. html#ixzz1UMrdDQe3 Methodology 1. * 1 Cut an orange in half. * 2 Spoon out the oranges pulp. Discard the pulp or place it to the side for orange juice later. 3 Fill the oranges shell with 2 tsp. of table salt. Spread the salt all around the inside of the shell with your finger. * 4 Place the orange shell in a plastic sandwich bag or small plastic bowl. Dont seal the bag if you use one. * 5 Place the plastic bag or bowl on a table, dresser, or other surface in your house so the salt within the orange shell can absorb foul odors and the orange shell can release a orange fragrance throughout your home. * 6 Repeat steps to make additional orange peel air fresheners. Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data Findings or Results Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

Friday, November 29, 2019

Respiratory free essay sample

It will be most important for the nurse to check pulse oximetry for which of these patients? a. A patient with emphysema and a respiratory rate of 16 b. A patient with massive obesity who is refusing to get out of bed c. A patient with pneumonia who has just been admitted to the unit d. A patient who has just received morphine sulfate for postoperative pain C Rationale: Hypoxemia and hypoxemic respiratory failure are caused by disorders that interfere with the transfer of oxygen into the blood, such as pneumonia. The other listed disorders are more likely to cause problems with hypercapnia because of ventilatory failure. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: pp. 1799-1800 Nursing Process: Assessment NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 2. The nurse will monitor for clinical manifestations of hypercapnia when a patient in the emergency department has a. chest trauma and multiple rib fractures. b. carbon monoxide poisoning after a house fire. We will write a custom essay sample on Respiratory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page c. left-sided ventricular failure and acute pulmonary edema. d. tachypnea and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A Rationale: Hypercapnia is caused by poor ventilatory effort, which occurs in chest trauma when rib fractures (or flail chest) decrease lung ventilation. Carbon monoxide poisoning, acute pulmonary edema, and ARDS are more commonly associated with hypoxemia. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 1800 Nursing Process: Assessment NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 3. When a patient is diagnosed with pulmonary fibrosis, the nurse will teach the patient about the risk for poor oxygenation because of a. too-rapid movement of blood flow through the pulmonary blood vessels. b. incomplete filling of the alveoli with air because of reduced respiratory ability. c. decreased transfer of oxygen into the blood because of thickening of the alveoli. Mismatch between lung ventilation and blood flow through the blood vessels of the lung. C Rationale: Pulmonary fibrosis causes the alveolar-capillary interface to become thicker, which increases the amount of time it takes for gas to diffuse across the membrane. Too-rapid pulmonary blood flow is another cause of shunt but does not describe the pathology of pulmonary fibrosis. Decrease in alveolar ventilation will cause hypercapnia. Ventilation and perfusion are matched in pulmonary fibrosis; the problem is with diffusion. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 1802 Nursing Process: Implementation NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 4. A patient is diagnosed with a large pulmonary embolism. When explaining to the patient what has happened to cause respiratory failure, which information will the nurse include? a. Oxygen transfer into your blood is slow because of thick membranes between the small air sacs and the lung circulation. b. Thick secretions in your small airways are blocking air from moving into the small air sacs in your lungs. c. Large areas of your lungs are getting good blood flow but are not receiving enough air to fill the small air sacs.Blood flow though some areas of your lungs is decreased even though you are taking adequate breaths. D Rationale: A pulmonary embolus limits blood flow but does not affect ventilation, leading to a ventilation-perfusion mismatch. The response beginning, Oxygen transfer into your blood is slow because of thick membranes describes a diffusion problem. The remaining two responses describe ventilatio n-perfusion mismatch with adequate blood flow but poor ventilation. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 1802 Nursing Process: Implementation NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 5. A patient is brought to the emergency department unconscious following a barbiturate overdose. Which potential complication will the nurse include when developing the plan of care? a. Hypercapnic respiratory failure related to decreased ventilatory effort b. Hypoxemic respiratory failure related to diffusion limitations c. Hypoxemic respiratory failure related to shunting of blood d. Hypercapnic respiratory failure related to increased airway resistance A Rationale: The patient with an opioid overdose develops hypercapnic respiratory failure as a result of the decrease in respiratory rate and depth. Diffusion limitations, blood shunting, and increased airway resistance are not the primary pathophysiology causing the respiratory failure. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 1800 Nursing Process: Diagnosis NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 6. When assessing a patient with chronic lung disease, the nurse finds a sudden onset of agitation and confusion. Which action should the nurse take first? a. Monitor the patient every 10 to 15 minutes. b. Notify the patients health care provider immediately. c. Attempt to calm and reassure the patient. d. Assess vital signs and pulse oximetry. The nurse needs to collect additional clinical data to share with the health care provider and to start interventions quickly if appropriate (e. g. , increased oxygen flow if hypoxic). The change in the patients neurologic status may indicate deterioration in respiratory function, and the health care provider should be notified immediately but only after some additional information is obtained. Monitoring the patient and attempting to calm the patient are appropriate actions, but they will not prevent further deterioration of the patients clinical status and may delay care. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: pp. 1804-1805 Nursing Process: Assessment NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 7. A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) arrives in the emergency department complaining of acute respiratory distress. When monitoring the patient, which assessment by the nurse will be of most concern? a. The patient is sitting in the tripod position. b. The patient has bibasilar lung crackles. c. The patients pulse oximetry indicates an O2 saturation of 91%. d. The patients respiratory rate has decreased from 30 to 10/min. D Rationale: A decrease in respiratory rate in a patient with respiratory distress suggests the onset of fatigue and a high risk for respiratory arrest; therefore, the nurse will need to take immediate action. Patients who are experiencing respiratory distress frequently sit in the tripod position because it decreases the work of breathing. Crackles in the lung bases may be the baseline for a patient with COPD. An oxygen saturation of 91% is common in patients with COPD and will provide adequate gas exchange and tissue oxygenation. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 1804 Nursing Process: Assessment NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 8. To evaluate both oxygenation and ventilation in a patient with acute respiratory failure, the nurse uses the findings revealed with a. arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis. b. hemodynamic monitoring. c. chest x-rays. d. pulse oximetry. A Rationale: ABG analysis is useful because it provides information about both oxygenation and ventilation and assists with determining possible etiologies and appropriate treatment. The other tests may also provide useful information about patient status but will not indicate whether the patient has hypoxemia, hypercapnia, or both. Cognitive Level: Comprehension Text Reference: p. 1805 Nursing Process: Assessment NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 9. A finding indicating to the nurse that a 22-year-old patient with respiratory distress is in acute respiratory failure includes a a. shallow breathing pattern. b. partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) of 45 mm Hg. c. partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial gas (PaCO2) of 34 mm Hg. d. respiratory rate of 32/min. B Rationale: The PaO2 indicates severe hypoxemia and that the nurse should take immediate action to correct this problem. Shallow breathing, rapid respiratory rate, and low PaCO2 can be caused by other factors, such as anxiety or pain. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 1806 Nursing Process: Assessment NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 10. While caring for a patient who has been admitted with a pulmonary embolism, the nurse notes a change in the patients arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2) from 94% to 88%. The nurse will a. assist the patient to cough and deep-breathe. b. help the patient to sit in a more upright position. c. suction the patients oropharynx. d. increase the oxygen flow rate. D Rationale: Increasing oxygen flow rate will usually improve oxygen saturation in patients with ventilation-perfusion mismatch, as occurs with pulmonary embolism. Because the problem is with perfusion, actions that improve ventilation, such as deep-breathing and coughing, sitting upright, and suctioning, are not likely to improve oxygenation. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: pp. 1802, 1807 Nursing Process: Implementation NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 11. A patient with hypercapnic respiratory failure has a respiratory rate of 8 and an SpO2 of 89%. The patient is increasingly lethargic. Which collaborative intervention will the nurse anticipate? a. Administration of 100% oxygen by non-rebreather mask b. Endotracheal intubation and positive pressure ventilation c. Insertion of a mini-tracheostomy with frequent suctioning d. Initiation of bilevel positive pressure ventilation (BiPAP) B Rationale: The patients lethargy, low respiratory rate, and SpO2 indicate the need for mechanical ventilation with ventilator-controlled respiratory rate. Administration of high flow oxygen will not be helpful because the patients respiratory rate is so low. Insertion of a mini-tracheostomy will facilitate removal of secretions, but it will not improve the patients respiratory rate or oxygenation. BiPAP requires that the patient initiate an adequate respiratory rate to allow adequate gas exchange. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: pp. 1807-1808, 1810 Nursing Process: Planning NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 12. A patient in acute respiratory failure as a complication of COPD has a PaCO2 of 65 mm Hg, rhonchi audible in the right lung, and marked fatigue with a weak cough. The nurse will plan to a. allow the patient to rest to help conserve energy. b. arrange for a humidifier to be placed in the patients room. c. position the patient on the right side with the head of the bed elevated. d. assist the patient with augmented coughing to remove respiratory secretions. D Rationale: The patients assessment indicates that assisted coughing is needed to help remove secretions, which will improve PaCO2 and will also help to correct fatigue. If the patient is allowed to rest, the PaCO2 will increase. Humidification may help loosen secretions, but the weak cough effort will prevent the secretions from being cleared. The patient should be positioned with the good lung down to improve gas exchange. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 1809 Nursing Process: Planning NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 13. When the nurse is caring for an obese patient with left lower-lobe pneumonia, gas exchange will be best when the patient is positioned a. on the left side. b. on the right side. c. in the high-Fowlers position. d. in the tripod position. B Rationale: The patient should be positioned with the good lung in the dependent position to improve the match between ventilation and perfusion. The obese patients abdomen will limit respiratory excursion when sitting in the high-Fowlers or tripod positions. Cognitive Level: Comprehension Text Reference: pp. 1809-1810 Nursing Process: Implementation NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 14. When admitting a patient in possible respiratory failure with a high PaCO2, which assessment information will be of most concern to the nurse? a. The patient is somnolent. b. The patients SpO2 is 90%. c. The patient complains of weakness. d. The patients blood pressure is 162/94. A Rationale: Increasing somnolence will decrease the patients respiratory rate and further increase the PaCO2 and respiratory failure. Rapid action is needed to prevent respiratory arrest. An SpO2 of 90%, weakness, and elevated blood pressure all require ongoing monitoring but are not indicators of possible impending respiratory arrest. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 1804 Nursing Process: Assessment NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 15. The nurse is caring for a patient who was hospitalized 2 days earlier with aspiration pneumonia. Which assessment information is most important to communicate to the health care provider? a. The patient has a cough that is productive of blood-tinged sputum. b. The patient has scattered crackles throughout the posterior lung bases. c. The patients temperature is 101. The patients SpO2 has dropped to 90%, although the O2 flow rate has been increased. D Rationale: The patients dropping SpO2 despite having an increase in FIO2 indicates the possibility of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The patients blood-tinged sputum and scattered crackles are not unusual in a patient with pneumonia, although they do require continued monitoring. The continued temperature elevation indicates a possible need to change antibiotics, but this is not as urgent a concern as the progression toward hypoxemia despite an increase in O2 flow rate. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 1815 Nursing Process: Assessment NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 16. When caring for a patient who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as a result of a urinary tract infection (UTI), the nurse is asked by the patients family how a urinary tract infection could cause lung damage. Which response by the nurse is appropriate? a. The infection spread through the circulation from the urinary tract to the lungs. b. The urinary tract infection produced toxins that damaged the lungs. c. The infection caused generalized inflammation that damaged the lungs. d. The fever associated with the infection led to scar tissue formation in the lungs. C Rationale: The pathophysiologic changes that occur in ARDS are thought to be caused by inflammatory and immune reactions that lead to changes at the alveolar-capillary membrane. ARDS is not directly caused by infection, toxins, or fever. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 1813 Nursing Process: Implementation NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 17. All the following medications are ordered for a mechanically ventilated patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and acute renal failure. Which medication should the nurse discuss with the health care provider before administration? a. IV ranitidine (Zantac) 50 mg IV b. sucralfate (Carafate) 1 g per nasogastric tube c. IV gentamicin (Garamycin) 60 mg d. IV methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) 40 mg C Rationale: Gentamicin, which is one of the aminoglycoside antibiotics, is potentially nephrotoxic, and the nurse should clarify the drug and dosage with the health care provider before administration. The other medications are appropriate for the patient with ARDS. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 1816 Nursing Process: Implementation NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 18. After prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass, a patient develops increasing shortness of breath and hypoxemia. To determine whether the patient has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or pulmonary edema caused by left ventricular failure, the nurse will anticipate assisting with a. positioning the patient for a chest radiograph. b. drawing blood for arterial blood gases. Obtaining a ventilation-perfusion scan. d. inserting a pulmonary artery catheter. D Rationale: Pulmonary artery wedge pressure will remain at normal levels in the patient with ARDS because the fluid in the alveoli is caused by increased permeability of the alveolar-capillary membrane rather than by the backup of fluid from the lungs (as occurs in cardiogenic pulmonary edema). The other tests will not help in differentiating cardiogenic from noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 1815 Nursing Process: Implementation NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 19. Which information obtained by the nurse when assessing a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who is being treated with mechanical ventilation and high levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) indicates a complication of ventilator therapy is occurring? a. The patient has subcutaneous emphysema. b. The patient has a sinus bradycardia, rate 52. c. The patients PaO2 is 50 mm Hg and the SaO2 is 88%. d. The patient has bronchial breath sounds in both the lung fields. A Rationale: Complications of positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) and PEEP include subcutaneous emphysema. Bradycardia, hypoxemia, and bronchial breath sounds are all concerns, but they are not caused by PPV and PEEP. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 1816 Nursing Process: Assessment NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 20. Which statement by the nurse when explaining the purpose of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) to the family members of a patient with ARDS is correct? a. PEEP will prevent fibrosis of the lung from occurring. b. PEEP will push more air into the lungs during inhalation. c. PEEP allows the ventilator to deliver 100% oxygen to the lungs. d. PEEP prevents the lung air sacs from collapsing during exhalation. D Rationale: By preventing alveolar collapse during expiration, PEEP improves gas exchange and oxygenation. PEEP will not prevent the fibrotic changes that occur with ARDS, push more air into the lungs, or change the fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) delivered to the patient. Cognitive Level: Comprehension Text Reference: p. 1817 Nursing Process: Planning NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 21. When prone positioning is used in the care of a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which information obtained by the nurse indicates that the positioning is effective? a. The skin on the patients back is intact and without redness. b. Sputum and blood cultures show no growth after 24 hours. c. The patients PaO2 is 90 mm Hg, and the SaO2 is 92%. d. Endotracheal suctioning results in minimal mucous return. C Rationale: The purpose of prone positioning is to improve the patients oxygenation as indicated by the PaO2 and SaO2. The other information will be  collected but does not indicate whether prone positioning has been effective. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: pp. 1817-1818 Nursing Process: Evaluation NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 22. A patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has progressed to the fibrotic phase. The patients family members are anxious about the patients condition and are continuously present at the hospital. In addressing the familys concerns, it is important for the nurse to a. support the family and help them understand the realistic expectation that the patients chance for survival is poor. b. inform the family that home health nurses will be able to help them maintain the mechanical ventilation at home after patient discharge. c. refer the family to social support services and case management to plan for transfer of the patient to a long-term care facility. d. provide hope and encouragement to the family because the patients disease process has started to resolve. A Rationale: The chance for survival is poor when the patient progresses to the fibrotic stage because permanent damage to the alveoli has occurred. Because of continued severe hypoxemia, the patient is not a candidate for home health or long-term care. The fibrotic stage indicates a poor patient prognosis, not the resolution of the ARDS process. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: p. 1814 Nursing Process: Implementation NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity ? 23. The nurse obtains the vital signs for a patient admitted 2 days ago with gram-negative sepsis: temperature 101. 2 ° F, blood pressure 90/56 mm Hg, pulse 92, respirations 34. Which action should the nurse take next? a. Notify the health care provider of the patients vital signs. b. Obtain oxygen saturation using pulse oximetry. c. Document the vital signs and continue to monitor. d. Administer PRN acetaminophen (Tylenol) 650 mg. B Rationale: The patients increased respiratory rate in combination with the admission diagnosis of gram-negative sepsis indicates that acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may be developing; the nurse should check for hypoxemia, a hallmark of ARDS. The health care provider should be notified after further assessment of the patient. Documentation and continued monitoring of the vital signs are needed but do not constitute an adequate response to the patient situation. Tylenol administration is appropriate but not the highest priority for this patient. Cognitive Level: Application Text Reference: pp. 1813-1814 Nursing Process: Implementation NCLEX: Physiological Integrity ? 24. Which of these nursing actions included in the care of a mechanically ventilated patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is most appropriate for the RN to delegate to an experienced LPN/LVN working in the intensive care unit? a. Placing the patient in the prone position b. Assessment of patient breath sounds c. Administration of enteral tube feedings d. Obtaining the pulmonary artery pressures C Rationale: Administration of tube feedings is included in LPN/LVN education and scope of practice and can be safely delegated to an LPN/LVN who is experienced in caring for critically ill patients. Placing a patient who is on a ventilator in the prone position requires multiple staff and should be supervised by an RN. Assessment of breath sounds and obtaining pulmonary artery pressures require advanced assessment skills and should be done by the RN caring for a critically ill patient.

Monday, November 25, 2019

Fruitadens - Facts and Figures

Fruitadens - Facts and Figures Name: Fruitadens (Greek for Fruita tooth); pronounced FROO-tah-denz Habitat: Woodlands of North America Historical Period: Late Jurassic (150 million years ago) Size and Weight: About two feet long and 1-2 pounds Diet: Probably omnivorous Distinguishing Characteristics: Exceptionally small size; bipedal posture; possibly feathers About Fruitadens It happens more often than you think, but the fossil specimens of Fruitadens languished for over two decades in museum collections before being meticulously examined. What these paleontologists found made headlines worldwide: a tiny (one or two pounds max), late Jurassic dinosaur that fed opportunistically on any bugs, plants, and any small critters that happened across its path. Fruitadens has proven difficult to classify; it has now been pegged as an ornithopod, and is believed to have been a close (albeit much smaller) relative of the different-toothed dinosaur Heterodontosaurus. (By the way, the name Fruitadens is often mistakenly translated as fruit tooth, but this wee dinosaur was actually named after the Fruita region of Colorado, where its fossil specimens were excavated in the late 1070s.) How could a dinosaur as tiny and inoffensive as Fruitadens survive in late Jurassic North America, home to giant, multi-ton sauropods like Brachiosaurus and fierce predators like Allosaurus? Logically enough, this tiny ornithischian probably adopted a similar strategy as the comparably sized mammals of the Mesozoic Era, scurrying through the underbrush (perhaps at night) and, just possibly, climbing trees to stay out of the way of larger dinosaurs. (In case you were wondering, as tiny as it was, Fruitafossor isnt the smallest dinosaur in the fossil record; that honor belongs to the four-winged Microraptor of early Cretaceous Asia, which was only about the size of a pigeon!)

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Pabst Brewing Company action memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pabst Brewing Company action memo - Essay Example Therefore, I think a well-defined technological appliance would be a recipe for the success of the company. PBC would adopt the cloud based solution which focuses on channel of migration of the PBC datacenter to enterprise web based applications and its identification, extracted and channelize clouding activities for effecting clients web based internet speed and data acquisition. For the years PBC has been in business, it has major been offering competency outsourcing production, which focuses on marketing and promotion of services through internet marketing and distribution of data across world wide websites. This company has been and will be operating on virtualized datacenter because this technique has brought numerous changes to the company as far as digital technology is of concerned. Additionally, the company through the ICT department has been working closely with its customers to ensure that it provides the services on time. Concerning our customers, PBC assesses, prepares, and socialize with its clients via social media such as Facebook in order to enable effectiveness and realization of problems that may affect the business. Further, the company utilizes metrics configurations routine initiating cloud computing applications and operations to remove any forms of complexity dilemma. It provides its subscribers with salient margin minder application which assist in balancing inventory market demands on both sales and data integration. Further, the business offers its clients with free and customized six unique application services. This service includes a total of 28GB migration data space, entailing 4,152 files on system drive and 6,644 files on data drive. Some of the articulations that PBC has initiated in its business that favors, and creates conducive environment to its customers are; i. AppZero slashes the time and complexity of migrating complex, enterprise applications. ii. AppZero leaves the source machine and application untouched. iii. It mak es no change to the source application and requires no AppZero software on the source machine. iv. All AppZero software is on the destination machine in the Rackspace cloud. v. AppZero’s speed maximizes the productivity gains possible during limited maintenance windows vi. AppZero effectively stands in as the application subject matter expert in the absence of documentation or institutional knowledge, discovering and reproducing application inter-dependencies. vii. AppZero results in a clean installation build on the destination machine. viii. Identity Essential’s expertise marshaled technologies and talent to effect the migration. ix. The effort carried a big payload. Overhead is minimized; IT costs are decreased/controlled while its agility and flexibility are increased. PBC is now well positioned to use IT too aggressively and effectively provision fast changing business opportunities. Following its service provision to people, the firm has been accredited as the be st service provider for all gateway services, a service that is credited by the government and limited to the third party companies. I would like to state that Rack Mount Company has the freedom to go independent in order to accomplish their goals. I would also like to bring to your attention that some of the IT policies that the company need to

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Commercial Contract Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Commercial Contract - Case Study Example (Atiyah Chapter 1). c.) Acceptance: When two parties willingly agree to the terms and conditions of a contract, then the requirements of acceptance can be claimed to have been met. Thus, the moment Stamatelly showed written acceptance of the laptop at the offered price, the first part of the contract can be said to have begun. Even if Yusuf did not show the initial direct signs of accepting, his action of replying to the e-mail to clarify the offered price is an advanced stage of acceptance to sell the laptop. (Atiyah Chapter 1). d.) Acquiescence: This is defined as the contracting parties actions and inactions as long as the initial acceptance stage had been satisfied. The issue of time is also important at this stage, as a seller who makes an offer at certain terms and conditions and receives offers at the same, needs to seal the deal without any further delay. In the above case study, Yusuf first made the laptop offer at $200. Stamatelly replied with an earlier lower price of $120. However Yusuf was adamant and fixed the offer at $200, which Stamatelly acquiesced to without further condition. (Atiyah Chapter 1). In the end Yusuf sold the laptop to another party at $180 which was much less than what Stamatelly wanted to offer. Yusuf also changed conditions for the sale at later stage to include time that the offer will be available. Even though he set the final settlement time of before noon the next day, he had sold the laptop the previous evening. This, coupled with the last minute change of price will be a potential legal suit for breach of business contract. (Atiyah Chapter 1). An analysis of the objective theory of this contract. In citing the Wilson Court Ltd. P'ship v. Tony Maroni's, Inc., 952 P.2d 590, 594 (Wash. 1998) (citing U.S. Life Credit Life Ins. Co. v. Williams, 919 P.2d 594, 597 (Wash. 1996), a contract is objective its manifestation is considered over its unseen subjective intentions of the contracting parties. Thus in the case study, Yusuf exhibited outward manifestation of assent when he clarified that the price would remain at $200. Thereafter, Stamatelly expressed mutual consent on these terms. At no one time was there any dispute about the condition of the product of contract which is the laptop. (Atiyah Chapter 2 - 4): (Stephen Waddams Chapter 1-3) It is also right to hold that both parties expressed outward manifestation of assent. Yusuf did so by the exclusive advertisement about the Laptop make, condition and price and even gave out his telephone numbers and e-mail for authenticity of the advertisement. Stamatelly also did so by writing to accept the offer in terms and condition by e-mail. The e-mail platform in this case study can be held as the outward manifestation whether direct or indirect. This is following the City of Everett v. Estate of Sumstad, 631 P.2d 366, 367 (Wash. 1981). (Atiyah Chapter 2 - 4): (Stephen Waddams Chapter 1-3) Possible Legal Redress. Stamatelly can rightly seek legal redress. She can aver that Yusuf was in breach of commercial contract especially at the acquiescence stage. She can cite the issue of time that was first introduced at a later stage

Monday, November 18, 2019

Romanticism as Literary Period Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Romanticism as Literary Period - Essay Example Even Wordsworth's Tintern Abbey, a confessional account of how nature is more than a memory of youth ("And I have felt a presence that disturbs me with joy / Of elevated thoughts; a sense sublime / Of something far more deeply interfused, ) was coming from a man whose social and intellectual moorings reflected not just rustic roots. More particularly, the poem renders philosophical and meditative aspects of the sophisticated thinker often found in cultural and urban centers, which consequently finds ways to go back to the original sources of inspiration, mystery and awe, peeling the layers of stale customs and traditions to reveal the workings of nature or even the supernatural, (as portrayed by Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancient Mariner). The Lyrical Ballads, objectively speaking could be said to a political statement asserting the primacy of the individual's feelings and imagination, and it has done so, moreso in intent. Execution-wise it was a bit too grandstanding, as other writ ers of other periods could also be called "romantic". The way that Wordworth's self-consciously and literally chose ordinary individuals and the rustic life as the worthwhile romantic subjects was an attempt to further drive down the point that poetry should be democratic (an offshoot of the influences of the French Revolution) and that it is the individual that matters, not custom and traditions. Shelley In the last two lines of A Defence of Poetry, Shelley sums up the power of poets to change society and awaken the masses: "Poets are the hierophants of an unapprehended inspiration; the mirrors of the gigantic shadows which futurity casts upon the present; the words which express what they understand not; the trumpets which sing to battle, and feel not what they inspire; the influence which is moved not, but moves. Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world." The poets, according to Shelley, belong to those classes of men in which the excitability of passions is strongest, and which the impressions or going-ons of nature and society work their magic - the apprehensions of the formerly "unapprehended", and consequently, this is communicated by the poets to society which is responsible for the continuity of language, and thus of society. Furthermore, according to Shelley, "the great instrument of moral good is the imagination; and poetry administers to the effect by acting u pon the cause." It is not that poetry directs or points out the rights and the wrongs, but in as much it moves mankind to the pursuit of what are sublime and beautiful and the eternal, and these have been the common goal of poetry since the ancient times. Shelley's poetry in awe-inspired tones invokes this spirit of poetry as a mover of mankind and society, primarily in they way that this spirit moves them, the poets. In Mutability, the endurance of human beings, rooted in nature's unchanging mutability, day in and day out is upheld. In Mont Blanc, Shelley regards the mountain as containing the "secret Strength of things / Which governs thought. More emphatically, Shelley in Ode to the West Wind, pleads for this

Saturday, November 16, 2019

The Strengths And Weaknesses Of Delta Airlines Tourism Essay

The Strengths And Weaknesses Of Delta Airlines Tourism Essay Since the establishment of Delta Airlines in 1928, it has played a pivotal role in what the aviation industry is today. Delta airlines can be considered without a doubt one airline that has stayed in business through ups and downs throughout its near 90 years and continues to thrive in the commercial airline industry. Even though Delta Airlines has faced many obstacles throughout its history, Delta Airlines has had many success and triumphs. It is one of the major airlines that have accomplished many things that other airlines has not. One of the major points to Delta Airlines success is its ability to serve more than 170 million passengers a year as stated on Delta Airlines website. Strengths Of Delta Airlines Delta Airlines is constructed around many of its strengths such as currently being the largest airline in the world today as stated on the index of Delta airlines Website, but many of its strengths revolve around it being able to fly to 567 worldwide destinations in over 100 different countries. One of the strong points of Delta Airlines being the worlds largest carrier today is having 10 major hubs in all the major cities in the United States. Some cities include New York, Cincinnati, Salt Lake City, Minneapolis, Detroit, as well as major cities in different countries such as Amsterdam, and Tokyo. This is one of the major stepping stones for a U.S. based airline company as it is able to expand to different continents around the globe. Another strength of Delta Airlines lies in its current fleet of aircrafts that currently consist of 449 airplanes majority of which are Boeing 757-200 series. Other aircrafts at Delta Airlines consist of Boeing 737, 767, 777, MD88 and MD90. Another advantage of using Delta Airlines is that throughout the companys history, to date there has only been one fatal accident back in 1996 as statistics show on the planecrashinfo.com website. Compared to other airlines history of fatal accidents Delta Airlines rates number 1 due to the fact there has been only one fatal accident and it has over 16 million flights a year. Being number 1 in passenger customer service alone is just another part that helps to make Delta Airlines what it is today. Passenger service, a clean history of flying, and flying to over 6 different continents around the globe leads to Delta Airlines having one of the highest gross revenue in the airline industry. The company recorded revenues of $19,154 million during the financial year ended December 2007, an increase of 9.3% over 2006 as stated on the companies and markets / delta airlines website. Delta Airlines is one of the only main carriers that expected a drop in profits for the year 2008 yet it was able to still have a higher revenue than other carriers in 2008. Delta Airlines has also come up with many innovative business moves that has helped it to become one of the most dominating in the airline industry today. Delta Airlines came up with their own private airline within the company on April 15th 2003. Song Airlines was a low cost airline for the lower and middle class people and its main creation was to compete directly with Jetblue Airways. Not only has Song Airlines been a smart move for Delta Airlines but one of the most historic move in the airline industry has been the merger of Delta Airlines and Northwest Airlines. The merger came about as a way to prevent the growth of airline competition in the industry and also to battle cost of fuel prices. In 2008 after both airlines merged together, Delta Airlines would have an increased fleet of 800 aircrafts, and 75,000 more employees as stated by the LATIMES.Com website. Last but not least is Delta Airlines being a part of the Skyteam Alliance. Delta Airlines has an anti-trust immunity an d what that mean is it can sharing marketing, pricing and its network with other airline companies within the Skyteam Alliance. Delta Airlines has a variety of competitive advantages at its arsenal compared to its competitors. Another distinct advantage for Delta Airlines is the scheduling, pricing, and departure as well as arrival times. For example on CheapoAir.com website, a round trip to Toronto, Canada would cost $331.88 with Lan Airlines, $307 with American airlines, and Delta Airlines would cost $228.28. Like all carriers, Delta Airlines offers many different flights to many different countries throughout the world, but what gives Delta Airlines another distinct advantage over competition is majority of the time when Delta Airlines is forming its schedule it will either try to depart 15 minutes earlier, or arrive at its destination 15 minutes earlier over its competitors. There are many significant advantages within Delta Airlines today and some that are a strong point within Delta itself are many long-term advantages over its competition. Delta Airlines has started to offer wi-fi service for in-flight passengers as well as on-board shopping as well as Delta on Demand and other features in the economy class flight, for first class passengers it offers the same as economy class but more comfy pillows, and blankets, free cocktails, and on the more pricey business-elite class its offers flat bed seats as provided on the Delta Airlines website. Another long-term advantage of Delta Airlines is its worldwide route system which Delta is codeshared with many airlines in North America such as Northwest Airlines, Continental Airlines, Alaska Airlines for flights from Seattle to Alaska, Aero- Mexico for trans-border services as well and domestic Mexico services, and Air Jamaica for service for flights between Jamaica and the U.S. Delta Airlines codeshare partners worldwide include Air-France for flights to Paris, Europe, Middle East, and Africa, Alitalia Airlines for service to Europe via Italy, Air-Japan for service via Transpacific such as Japan, and China, Avianca airlines for Colombia domestic services and Czech Airlines for service from Prague to Eastern Europe. Incorporating the BCG Matrix, Delta Airlines has many so-called Stars within its company for example its Worldwide Route System, Pricing, and its current fleet of over 449 different aircrafts, but there are also many other Stars within Delta Airlines such as it has partial ownership in both Orbitz and Worldspan websites when purchasing tickets online and Delta also offers a 3-5% discount for purchasing tickets online and 2% discount for check-in using self service kiosks. Compare to other airlines Delta airlines is best airlines and also, Delta gives better packages and other requirements. Delta Air Lines, Inc. is the third largest air carrier in the United States and the largest U.S. carrier serving Europe. Its route network serves 317 destinations in 55 countries. Its domestic network operates around a hub system at airports in Atlanta, Cincinnati, New York, and Salt Lake City. The Delta Shuttle serves business travelers flying between New York City, Boston, and Washington, D.C. (and other continental airlines. The company has a strong network infrastructure enables it to gain access to key market as well as enhance the quality of its delivery services. However even though delta airlines may seem to many as the dominant airline, there are many flaws within Delta Airlines itself. Some of these flaws are very minor while some affect Delta Airlines drastically. It is safe to say that no airline is without flaws and some of these flaws include high maintenance cost. Some examples of opportunities to Delta Airlines include internal as well as external factors. The rising fuel price could have a direct impact in the companys margins. Though almost all carriers are expected to post negative earnings in 2009, however it is the most successful low cost carrier in the U.S. has maintained continued profitability for the last 30 years even during periods of industry downturns mainly due to its strong fuel hedging strategies. Low-cost airlines are expected to get a higher share of revenue in the future, which will see structural changes in the industry and consolidation as a result of competitive pressures. I think anyone will agree that wherever you are entertainment matters. Think about ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦consider the number of movies youve seen, the countless hours of television youve watched, the thousands of songs youve downloaded and the video games youve played. (Maria. F. 2008). The world would be a seriously boring place without entertainment. Im not sure how many of you have had a chance to fly on one of our aircraft equipped with the Delta on Demand digital entertainment system, but if you have then you know what a huge difference it makes to have a ton of stuff to watch on your own personal screen. Weve got satellite TV, movies, HBO, 2,500 MP3s and games all on demand (Babb, C.2007). Some International flight have long been cash cows according to the BCG Matrix, but some have become burdens to be unloaded as quickly as possibly as business travelers cut back, taking with them the high-end fares that subsidize tourist-friendly discounts. In Delta Airline industry the passenger traffic in largest Asian carrier by revenue, have been battered by a drop in passenger traffic because of the global economic crisis. Almost other airlines have played an immense feat, juggling both the legacy and low-cost carrier segment with unwavering commitment in going through the test of times during the last seven years and especially through 2008. The year 2007 was a year of regaining profitability for the airline industry after the uphill struggle of cutting off redundant infrastructure and going through various mergers and acquisitions and recovering from the post 9/11 downturn in volume of passenger air traffic. The exponential surge in fuel price and present volatility in financial sectors have significantly affected the aerospace industry as a whole. (Zack E). Delta Airline corp. will be able to rationalize and offer efficient services with gradual freedom to operate in open skies if governments look to deregulation as a way to pro mote the industry as a whole. The previous drop of 50 percent in airline share prices might just reach their initial levels, post all the merger and infrastructure cutbacks by early 2009. Delta airline prices of air tickets globally will have come down to initial levels by end of 2008. On a positive note, the Asia Pacific players will not face any loss for 2009 and might even be left with few cents in the pocket. The market will still see reasonable growth in Low Cost Carrier passenger traffic within Asia Pacific and even in the long haul segment. Delta Airlines 6 Despite the worst economic recession in our lifetime, the fundamental strength of Deltas business allowed us to deliver breakeven results this quarter, excluding fuel hedge losses and special items. These results would not be possible without the hard work of all Delta employees they are running a great airline while executing a seamless integration in the midst of this very difficult economic environment. We remain focused on making disciplined decisions about capacity, costs and capital, achieving merger synergies and finding new sources of revenue. Delta airlines reported that a $794 million first-quarter net loss, or $0.96 per diluted share. Delta cited slower demand for travel brought on by the current recession as reason for the loss. On the cargo side of the business, cargo revenue declined 44 percent or $146 million during the first quarter. Again reasons for the decrease were attributed to the current global recession, decline in fuel surcharge revenue, and decreased demand for air cargo services. Delta travelers have lately been complaining more often about frequent-flier programs, namely the lack of award seats on desirable flights, escalating fees for ostensibly free tickets and quicker expiration dates for miles. Airlines counter that they are giving away more awards than ever, despite generally fuller planes, and that most programs allow members to book any open seat on any flight, albeit in exchange for more. We at Delta and as an industry cannot continue to have customers earn a significantly greater number of miles year after year without providing customers some flexibility in ways to use those miles, Airlines are also offering more ways for members to use their miles, like bidding for things like Broadway tickets at online auctions, trading miles for merchandise or using a combination of cash and Miles for air travel. (Susan S, 2008) While most carriers have customarily been tight-lipped about how much they earn from these programs, more details are starting to emerge. United reported revenue of $800 million last year from selling miles, while Qantas earned $218 million in the last half of 2007 from mileage sales to third parties. (Susan S, 2008) These are some very important aspects to keep in mind when you look at the strong points in Delta Airlines as well as the weak points in Delta airlines, but then again there are many other factors that affect Delta Airlines. One example is threats, such as competition, and the main aspect of supply and demand. Delta Airlines 7 One threat Delta Airlines faces vs. US Airways on-time departure performance. US Airways has an average of 95% on time departures vs. a 93% from Delta. At arrival performances both are at the same percentage, 94%. US Airways does not exceed Deltas workforce (employees) however, they have close to 32,151 total employees. US Airways only serves 25 countries and 196 destinations, 41 international and 155 domestic. Their fleet is the closest they get to ours (Delta), they possess 600+ aircraft. Delta surpasses US Airways daily flights by almost 5 times, they only have 3,043 daily flights. Delta has superior advantage over US Airways, Delta was established on 1924, US Airways was established 1939. Delta traces its roots back to 1924, when Huff Daland Dusters was founded as the worlds first aerial crop dusting organization (Delta, 2009). We have several airline accidents, through our history. These accidents have resulted in fatal accidents. Is a threat, because whenever a customer looks a t our flying history that may incline them to look for another airline. One remarkable accident happened on August 2nd 1985, flight departed from Fort Lauderdale, Florida bound Los Angeles Intl airport, the aircraft crashed with only 27 survivors out of the 163 people on board (Leo Beber, 2009 ). The factor for this accident as per NTSB (National Transportation Safety Board) was microburst induced wind shear. One of the ethical threats against US Airways is airline quality and passenger satisfaction. Delta is on the number 10th place and US Airways is on 8th (Airline Quality Rankings, 2008). This means that Delta Airlines is not keeping up with the on-time performance, customer service, baggage handling and/or bumping people around due to overbooking. For this year (2009), Delta airlines only rose its customer service by 6.7 percent, while US Airways rose a 9.3 percent. That is not so good news for Delta airlines, we need to improve our customer service, may be a way of doing so would be giving our Delta representatives weekly training, in order to rise our customer service satisfaction. Customer satisfaction is vital to the administration because if customers are not well satisfied, we will lose customers and that would make a big impact in our economic status. A major exterior factor that every single airline faces today is terrorism. One of Deltas biggest threats are bomb and highjack threats. This gives Delta Airlines, a disadvantage and bad reputation, Why and how it that? Well, most passengers or for the most part, the public does not know or may think that every airline has its own security. Therefore customers may think our security system is incompatible and unreliable. Truth is, no airline has its own security, airports Delta Airlines 8 Offer and provide the security system for the whole entire airport. But people may fail to see that or in other cases even get scared on flying with Delta Airlines just because of the terrorist threats Delta has faced throughout its history. For example; the latest threat was on a flight making its final decent into LAX, Airport in Los Angeles, January 09. Individual was yelling out he had a bomb. Passengers actually tackled the individual immediately without hesitation. At the end guy never really had a bomb, just to show you bomb threat or highjack threats are out of ones hand. The Port Authority of NY NJ has TSA personnel at La Guardia, JFK and Newark. TSA do screening on luggage, metal detectors for individuals, etc. checkpoints are operated by Transportation Security Administration, the checkpoints are there to make sure that terrorists cant bring anything aboard the plane that would enable them to take it over or destroy it (TSA, Travel Assistannt-2009) Terrorist threat is a f actor that no one has power on stopping it. Only thing we are able on doing is providing with the latest and sophisticated equipment to detect any hazardous threats that put the airport, aircraft and of course passengers life in jeopardy. Predatory pricing is one of the most competitive threats between airlines and other businesses. There is no specific price rate, due to seasonal flights, due to competitions. Airlines must keep their prices as close as possible to each others. In some cases new airlines may go out of business real quick if senior airlines decide to lower their prices just to keep the customers. When this senior airlines decide to lower their prices than average, one fact is that they losing money just trying to keep customers. Seasonal flights are a very competitive battle between airlines trying to catch as many customers as possible by giving great deal at cheaper prices as possible and as profitable as well. Seasonal flights can also stress an airlines structure due to competition. The Big Six airlines United, US Airways, American, Northwest, Continental and Delta have divided the country into local fiefdoms centered around fortress hubs (Leah Platt, 2001) Advertising the airline is a very important thing all airlines must do. From personal opinion, I always see T.V. advertising commercials of Delta Airlines. This is a factor some airlines fail to realize. Delta airlines is very well known thanks to its advertising on TV, radio and internet. Few airlines that are a threat to us just for the fact that they advertise as much as we do (Delta) are Continental, Jet Blue, American Airlines. Those are the most advertised on television. For some reason US airways doesnt advertise as much. This is a threat as well, because if an airline wants customers, it needs to put it out where the public sees it. Other airlines copying over a successful structured airline is a threat. For Delta Airlines 9 instance, if Delta decides to advertise on TV, radio, internet, newspapers, magazines, put lower prices, offer great deals and the rest of the airlines decides to do the same. That puts us in a spot where we have to improve our current structure. Every day, in newspapers across the country, airlines advertise flights at attractive and competitive prices. Every day, in newspapers across the country, airlines advertise flights at attractive and competitive prices (Public Interest Advocacy Centre, 2003). Overall, an airline biggest threat is the rising of fuel prices. Delta as well as other airlines, add a surcharge to the base price of the route its been flown. In some cases airlines struggle to set a price on a route due to the up and down of the fuel prices. Luckily, as of now (2009) fuel is not as high as previous times. It affects the customers when fuel prices are sky high, because an airline must raise its prices in order to keep the profits. Several airlines offer the same route and one has lower price tickets, like Southwest and Delta. Both Southwest and Delta charge $148 for L.A to Salt Lake route. But US Airways, which like Southwest, is a lower-cost airline, has less invested in the L.A. to Salt Lake route; for this airline, the route is a simple connecting flight, so it doesnt mind tacking on a $50 surcharge to its $148 base price à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Southwest, true to its lower-cost carrier status, doesnt have a fuel surcharge. Delta often adds a fuel surcharge, but knowing that Los Angeles to Salt Lake is a very competitive nonstop Southwest route, the legacy carrier eschews the surcharge in this instance, to stay competitive (Rick Seaney, 2008) Last but not least, no company is without its weakness. Delta Airlines has established its dominance in the aviation industry as one of the best airlines in the world today, but being the best doesnt necessarily mean Delta Airlines doesnt have its own drawbacks. This report examines Delta Air Lines Weaknesses, Inc.s key business structure and operations, history and products, and it provides summary analysis of key revenue lines and strategy. Use this report to understand the internal and external factors that affect Delta Air Lines, Inc.s performance in achieving its business goals. After eighty years of success history , On September 14 2005, Delta files for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. Northwest Airlines files for bankruptcy on the same day.After the bankruptcy, Delta spent millions to rebuild morale, flying in many of its 47,000 employees for a series of events that were equal parts team-building and tent revival. And Delta convinced creditors to cede 15% ownership to employees. They saw the importance Delta Airlines 10 of having the pilots and employees on board to unlocking the synergies of the deal, says Delta CEO Richard H. Anderson, a board member at the time who got the top job in August 2007. It was equally important for the employees to know that we followed through on everything we promised. Delta Air Lines plunged into bankruptcy in September 2005, marking the culmination of more than a decade of management missteps made largely out of hubris. The Southeastern airline allowed itself to go through many of the stages of decline outlined in Jim Collins new book. Its sense of infallibility helped foster an undisciplined pursuit of practically every new jumbo jet that aircraft manufacturers rolled out, forcing it to fly large planes even on one-hour routes. Add to that a distinct denial of the increasingly grim realities of the airline business, exemplified by the errors made earlier this decade by then-Chief Executive Leo F. Mullin. He launched the trendy Song discount airline, which fizzled amid high costs and stiff competition from JetBlue Airways. Worse, Mullin negotiated a 2001 labor deal that paid top pilots a record-shattering $300,000 a year. Management always had to have the biggest and the best, recalls a former exec. It was the Delta way. That strategy helped the Atlanta-based carrier rack up billions in losses, pushing it into bankruptcy. And management was so slow to accept its humbling fate that one bankruptcy judge told executives: I have not heard anything that I will say remotely impressed me that you have the money, the talent, or the thought that you could successfully reorganize in this case. Admits President Ed H. Bastian: There were periods when Delta could have been just 24 hours from disappearing. If the pilots had walked out, Im not sure we could have pulled through. Delta Airlines 12 Deltas people issues are best exemplified by a specific person, Leo Mullin, named CEO in 1997. A highly-publicized executive compensation scandal marred the trust between management and the rank and file. Delta filed for bankruptcy less than 18 months after he abruptly retired. Certain actions by Delta have not endeared the company to its employees. Massive layoffs in 2004 continued through 2005 and 2006 and have led to messy court actions. Employees and pilots have picketed airports. Recently the bankruptcy court terminated their pilot defined benefit plan. Delta also had a highly-publicized conflict with an employee develop into a court action when they fired flight attendant Ellen Simonetti (aka Queen of the Sky) who had become a well-known blogger. Delta has spent a lot of valuable time and resources in answer to low-cost fare competitors in the U.S. such as JetBlue and Southwest. Like a large 18-wheel truck trying to follow a motorcycle around town, this has been an awkward waste of energy. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Delta Express was started in 1996. Delta Express was not successful for two reasons. First, the fares were not as low as JetBlue or Southwest, and secondly, there was a perception problem since this was a deviation from Deltas image. Delta President Fred Reid We really found out that customers want to see something distinctive. We still found that people had this edge of skepticism about it that (Delta Express) was just part of Delta. . . . This is truly different. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Song followed in 2003. The business model was that it was cheaper to use larger planes if they were full. 757s are cheaper to operate than small planes if all the seats are filled.They upgraded the seats to leather and encouraged the staff to be friendlier. Passengers had a better experience on Song (the low-cost carrier) than on Deltas main operation. Delta Airlines 12 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Delta Shuttle was started in 1991 with the purchase of used Pan Am aircraft and continues today. The Delta Shuttles fly only between limited east-coast city pairs. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Delta Connections is a current subsidiary. Flights are flown by SkyWest, based out of St. George, Utah using Delta Connections branded Canada Regional Jets. Their website shows only airplanes in Delta Connections livery. These planes dont allow full-sized carry-on luggage; anything bigger than a laptop computer needs to be checked through the regular baggage claim or checked planeside. None of these attempts at a low-fare subsidiary have been entirely successful, and have detracted from rather than contributed to Deltas overall success as an airline. Presenting these multiple faces is confusing to the flying public.These repeated attempts to enter the low-fare market detract a significant amount of focus and resources from what Delta does best. In This Bird Wont Fly, The Travel Insider blog (in 2002 and updated in May 2006) calls this a Futile Act of Self-Cannibalism, indicating that the low-cost options have actually been competing against the main Delta service; and may have made its shortcomings more apparent. The most important part of the progress and survival of an airlines customer service Is listening to opinions and complaints from the customers, the airline can reinforce the weak spots. then reviews a inappropriate customer service ends up the image of the airline publicly. Some Complaints From Passengers Of Delta Airlines Sharlyn of Atlanta, GA July 30, 2009, I had a 4 1/2 hour flight from ATL to SFO on a 767 aircraft. I called the flight attendant using the help button on the computer screen to inform her that my overhead light would not come on. The flight attendant told me she would rebut my computer so I could use the overhead light and once she did, the light still did not come on. I told her I needed to use the overhead light to read business materials, etc. for a meeting and throughout the entire flight leaving at 21:15 pm (EST) to 23:30 pm (PST), I could not read over my business materials. The flight was not full, yet the flight attendant did not move me to another seat so I could read. I had eye surgery for a retina problem and had to strain my eyes in the dark, because the flight attendant refused to move me. This is very unacceptable considering that I have been a Delta Skymiles member since 1995. Lindsay of Los Angeles, CA July 20, 2009, We arrived an hour before our flight, checked-in using the self service kiosk, paid for an additional bag, and got in line to drop it off. The line was long and personnel continued to take those who were late and cut them in front of us. I told the stewardess that we ourselves might need to get to the front of the line and were likely later than those she was allowing to cut in front of us. She refused to listen to me and kept me in line. When we arrived at the counter the woman did not want to let us check our bag because it was less than 30min. before the flight. We asked to speak to her supervisor. She moved as slowly as possible and it took another 10min for her to actually take our bag which she finally had to do because we had already paid. When we got to the gate the plane was still there but they would not let us on as the gate had closed. I dont understand how they could hold us in line, and allow other people to cut in front of us because they may miss their flight, not do the same for us, and then not take responsibility when we missed our flight because of this. Usha of Finksburg, MD July 15, 2009, my husband, daughter and I went to Seoul in June 19th and scheduled to return to Baltimore on June 27th, so my daughter can fly to Chicago on 28th. But when we arrived at Atlanta arougn6:40, the flight stood on runway for about 2 hours because of gate issues. We all missed our flight and delta do not have another flight until next morning at 9:00, so my daughter missed her scheduled flight to Chicago and we have to pay full fare for the after noon flight ( which was about 250. They gave us a hotel which was so crappy, it stunk. Nathan of Hof Hacarmel, CA July 10, 2009, I must congratulate Delta airlines for being the first paperless fleet Ive had the discomfort of flying with. My flight DL87 leaving Tel Aviv, July 2, 2009, had reached a bit more than the halfway point when the hand towels, tissues and TOILET PAPER (!) all ran out in all four toilets. I walked to the rear of the plane and informed the service crew of the problem. They were woken out of the obvious stupor: Thank you sir for informing us. On of the lovely marched over the to toilette area with a hand full of paper towels, and, I assume, inserted them into the correct receptacle. The hygienic for a population of some 250 men, women and children was despicable and at best reprehensible. We have decided never again to fly Delta. Less than four years after it was left on life support, Delta is now the picture of health. Thanks to a management overhaul, a rigorous shift towards more profitable international routes, aggres

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Mind Diminishing :: essays research papers

Mind Diminishing Reality TV seems to have taken over television in America today. Shows such as The Real World, Elimidate, American Idol, and Extreme Makeover are just a few of these reality TV shows that are being watched in our living rooms today. While many of these shows display the reality of day-to-day life of certain people, various reality television shows effect American society as many become idealistic to the people on the shows. Shows such as, The Swan and Extreme Make Over are shows that completely remake and rebuild one’s outer image. Episode after episode women change their weight, nose, lips, etc. by plastic surgery hoping to become â€Å"beautiful.† Unfortunately, The Swan and Extreme Make Over make transform the meaning of beauty on the show and hypnotize many into believing that beauty comes in a certain shape and form of skinny and thin. Skinny and thin may seem to be â€Å"reality† on television, where in actuality; the average American woman is about a size 8 and is going to grow as obesity has spread throughout the U.S. The Swan and Extreme Make Over are shows that are far from reality and diminish the minds of young women in America as they brainwash these teens to completely change whom they are just to be accepted and acknowledged in a society based on looks and outer beauty. The Swan and Extreme Make Over are similar reality TV shows that turn the† ugly" into "beautiful" through plastic surgery. Both reality television shows begin with women who have self-issues on how they look as well as issues with their self-confidence. The people in these shows have no physical features wrong with them what so ever, they unfortunately are just not content with themselves. They begin on these shows hoping to change one or two body parts, yet, undergo whole head to toe transformations. From liposuction, tummy tucks, lip and breast enhancement, the women end up looking completely different. The participants on The Swan and Extreme Make Over are mainly women who do not fit society’s norm of what we call beautiful, as society has a certain form of beauty. Beauty is tall, skinny, and long legged. Women appear on The Swan and Extreme Make Over hoping to completely change their outer looks as well as gain self-confidence and self worth within themselves. While the makeovers only change their outer looks, they cannot change deep feelings that are really going on in ones head.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Program Planning and Evaluation

Program planning is the starting blue prints or structure of a new program or even used to improve a program already in place. Program planning involves research, making goals, setting up objectives in order to meet goals and gathering information. Program planning also includes information about the budget such as how much it will cost in order to provide the services intended by the program. Program planning tells us what the problem is, who the program targeted population is, where are the targeted population demographically located, and why there is a problem. Program planning involves a lot of thought and information collected by the staff and where available the clients as well. Program planning determines what obstacles the program may encounter along the way and plans to work around the obstacles. Program planning should be done carefully and thoroughly because as a blue print for a program we would like the finishing product to be very well built and organized with a great finished product. Program evaluation is the ongoing collection of data which the staff of the program can take into consideration when making changes for necessary improvements or for future planning of the program. Program evaluations show the staff the strong points of the program they may wish to leave alone and also the weak points of the program they may need to make stronger. Program evaluation is important because it helps to keep the program running smoothly in order to meet their goals and provide sufficient services to the community and clients that the program serves. Program planning and program evaluations work together in order to make a program effective and efficient. Program planning does not stop just because a program is up and running since there will always be changes that need to be made as the program grows and needs to meet the demands of more clients and becomes a bigger part of the community it serves. Therefore program evaluations continue to help keep the program planning on a proper level and help the staff make decisions needed in order to meet demands and still plan goals and objectives successfully. The scenario I have chosen to work with this year is the PEACE Domestic Violence Agency. I believe that both program planning and program evaluation interrelate in this scenario because there is a growing problem with violence in the city of Portland and without action it will probably become worse. There needs to be a program in place in order to give any means of help to the community that can be offered and that will require program planning. The continuous changes of needs, and the need to ensure effectiveness is going to require the implementation of program evaluations in order to help measure the success and continue make the success rates higher. The technical aspects of program planning should consist of inputs to outputs that would in turn provide the community the social justice needed. I believe that the technical aspects are to make a crisis hotline available which would provide 24 hour access to a staff member who can help. I believe that there should be qualified counselors staffed within the program in order to help the individual to identify needs and also to obtain protection orders if necessary. I think that having a shelter or an affiliated shelter would be helpful because some clients are going to need a place to stay and receive a chance at a fresh start through transitional housing. Further I believe that technical aspects would be to also get some community awareness started about violence and ways to prevent it. This can be a fun community activity during which individuals learn to look out for one another instead of hurting one another or turning the other way while someone else is hurt. On the other hand there needs to be rehabilitation for the individuals who act violently. Enabling them to lead a better life and teaching them to protect others instead of causing harm. Aspects that can affect the program planning and evaluation process are that there might be some people still too afraid to come forward and fight for the changes that benefit them. They might have their doubts that the program will work because the violence rates are so high and so many people have failed to fully help them. A person who has been a victim might be inclined to move on but become victim again. A person hurting others may be inclined to feel there is no need for them to get help. The way these aspects can affect the program planning and program evaluation are because they are obstacles that would prevent the program from becoming successful and promoting a better outcome for individuals and the community. In order to prevent hindering the program we have to find other ways to get through and rebuttal the situations. Political aspect of the program planning and evaluation would be to ask for harder punishment for those who are on the violent side of the fence. I would also ask for more police involvement in the community and if needed be the hiring of more police authority in the area to help in lowering the amount of time it takes to get to a situation involving violence. I would ask for education about violence to be implemented through school systems and jail or prison facilities to raise the possibility of positive changes. I would ask for cameras to be placed at stop lights and in other areas where road rage was the worst in order to help in providing proper apprehending of drivers who have a problem. These aspects could affect planning and evaluation of the program because political authorities might not feel there is enough violence to take action. It also could affect the planning and evaluation because the political authorities might not have the funds to provide the help needed. The political authorities might agree to the needs but on lesser terms. This would mean that in order to have success rates we are looking for we need to find other ways to get the help needed.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

buy custom Online Identity essay

buy custom Online Identity essay Online identity is a social identity of the person, the user establishes on the networking sites. My online identity is represented on the website Linked in, where I have an account. Linked In is both a professional and a social networking site. At the website I have posted all the personal information, which may be useful for my prospective employers. I have tried to highlight all necessary details about myself, including my professional qualifications, skills and even political views. I have also indicated my prospective employers and why I can be a suitable candidate for positions they offer. I believe, that based on information from my account, employers areable to get some impression about me. Discussion By viewing my profile on Linked in, it is likely that the employer will get a positive impression of my character. My character is clearly described on the webpage, as well as my career goals and reasons to be employed by particular organizations. Because all information about me is clearly stated at my profile, it makes it easier for the prospective employer to get some clue about me. Being a member of Linked in is enough for my online identity purposes as this website fulfil both professional and social demands. Extending online identiity may be in a way detrimental to my privacy. With the rising number of cases of cyber crimes in the society, enhancing the amount of information at your social networking profiles increases the chances that your private information may be reached by hackers, what may cause harm for you. Conclusion It is essential to monitor your name in the social site always. To achieve this, register for alerts to enable you to do regular checks of your name. Through all means, protect your personal information, as it can be a source of theft. Assume that all the information posted is seen by everyone and hence, trade with care. Buy custom Online Identity essay

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Role and Functions of Law Paper Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

Role and Functions of Law Paper Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers Role and Functions of Law Paper Role and Functions of Law Paper Jennifer Quiles LAW/421 October 31, 2013 Stephen L. Clearly Role and Functions of Law Paper As Cipollone claimed victory, becoming the first party to be paid for damages in a liability case, the country began to see the implications of federal laws. (Melvin, 2011) Understanding just who Cipollone was and what this case was about is important to understand the role the laws played in the case. Cipollone was the son of a smoker who died of cancer, a commonly known side effect of smoking today. Cipollone sought for damages because he felt that his mother died as a result of the cigarette company and their negligence. He felt that they had committed fraud in their failure to properly warn about the harmful effects they had on ones health and they also committed fraud in their ways of advertising. He also felt that there was a conspiracy to hide important information, about the serious and harmful effects smoking had, obtained through medical and scientific research from the public. (Melvin, 2011) His mother smoked for 42 years, almost her whole life, and began smoking in 1942. This was before the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act was put in to place in 1965. The Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act of 1969 went on to say that the state was not allowed to rule on cases that involved cases that were properly labeled. The case was preempted by federal law, meaning there was a federal law that superseded any state laws. When the case was originally brought to the United States Supreme Court, in 1991, it was thrown out for this reason. Cipollone had relied solely on State laws that were in place. This left Cipollone no other choice but to file suit based on federal law. Cipollone did not see his victory until the case was reargued in 1992. It is important to understand what federal laws are in place in all different types of situations because of Article VI in the Constitution. If there is a federal law in place it preempts any state law on that particular issue. Perhaps if Cipollone had known he would have been better prepared and had a more appropriate claim when he tried the case in court the first time. When working in the public education sector, there are many laws in place to protect teachers, students, and community members. There are school boards that are appointed through elections to ensure that these laws are being followed. Schools must comply with the regulations set through local, state and federal levels. Some if the federal laws that govern schools are FERPA, (educational and privacy rights), Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010, (replacement to the National School Lunch Program), and the Americans with Disabilities Act, (a 2008 amendment to protect the rights of disabled employees). (National School Board Association, 2013) In all there are many federal, local and state laws within the public school system. Understanding changes and differences are equally important. If not they have the possibility of encountering liability claims from all different ends. References Melvin, S. P. (2011). The legal environment of business: A managerial approach: Theory to practice. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. National School Board Association. (2013). Federal Regulations. Retrieved from nsba.org/SchoolLaw/Federal-Regulations